Ukushajwa kwe-EV kuza nezinselelo.

Ukushaja eceleni komgwaqo kuza nezinselelo eziningi.Kokukodwa, lezi zinhlobo zamashaja ngokuvamile azisheshi, zithatha noma yikuphi phakathi kwamahora amathathu nesishiyagalombili "ukugcwalisa" ngokugcwele i-EV.Futhi bangaphansi kokungahleliwe okujabulisayo okwakha impilo yedolobha—uma amaloli amaningi kakhulu, izithuthuthu, noma ama-sedan apakwe kubhulokhi, i-EV ngeke ikwazi ukuhambisana neshaja etholakalayo.Bese kuba nenkinga ye-ICE-ing: Yilokho abashayeli be-EV abakubiza ngakho lapho imoto enenjini evamile yangaphakathi evuthayo ibamba indawo yayo yokushaja.“Ukupaka emgwaqweni kuyinselele nakanjani,” kusho u-Anne Smart, iphini likamongameli wenqubomgomo yomphakathi e-ChargePoint, inkampani eyakha futhi ifake amashaja ezimoto zikagesi.“Sithole izindawo zokupaka zakha umuzwa ongcono wokushaja.”Inkampani yakhe, kanye nezinye ezinze e-US ezifana neGreenlots ne-Electrify America, yenze isivumelwano nenxanxathela yezitolo nezitolo ezinkulu ukuze kwakhiwe amashaja ngaphandle kwezitolo.

Noma kunjalo, kulula kakhulu ukuthi abantu bakhokhise ekhaya.Kodwa abaqashi nabanikazi be-condo banesiqinisekiso esincane sokuthi indawo yabo elandelayo izoba neshaja, okwenza kube nzima ngabo ukudonsa i-trigger ku-EV.Ngakho-ke amadolobha amaningi nezifunda zisebenza ngendlela yokuqinisekisa abathuthukisi bezindlu nabaphathi ukuthi bathenge inqubo engajwayelekile nebizayo yokuwafaka.I-Los Angeles inikeza izaphulelo kubaphathi abafaka iziteshi zokushaja ezindaweni zabo zokuhlala, futhi ibuyekeza amakhodi ayo okwakha ukuze idinge amashaja ekwakhiweni okusha."I-Los Angeles iyidolobha labaqashi ngaphezu kwanoma yini enye, ngakho-ke kufanele sikuqaphele lokho kushuba okungaba khona kanye nezixazululo okufanele sizinikeze," kusho uLauren Faber O'Connor, isikhulu esiphezulu sedolobha.

Enye inketho ukuguqula amagalaji ukuze anikeze ugesi esikhundleni salokho.Lezi zikhala zizohlinzeka ngohlobo olusheshayo lweshaja kubashayeli abadinga ama-boost asheshayo.(Ziphinde zibize kakhulu ukuzifaka nokusebenzisa.) “Inselelo manje ukuthi, ungakwazi yini ukuba nokwanele kulezi ziteshi ezinkulu zokushaja ezikhipha ugesi ngenani eliphezulu?”kubuza uMichael Kintner-Meyer, unjiniyela wocwaningo kanye nomhlaziyi wezinhlelo ePacific Northwest National Laboratory, ocwaninga ngegridi yamandla.

I-Revel, inkampani ephethe inqwaba yama-mopeds kagesi nezimoto ezigibelayo, ilandela isu lokushaja elihluke kancane.EBrooklyn, inkampani yakha “i-superhub”—indawo yokupaka engenalutho enamashaja asheshayo angu-25.(Ezinye izinkampani zenze amaphrojekthi afanayo emadolobheni aseYurophu naseShayina.) Inani elikhulu lamashaja kufanele liqinisekise ukuthi abashayeli bazokwazi ukushaja uma befuna, kusho uPaul Suhey, isikhulu esiphezulu sokusebenza kwaRevel.Ukuthola izikhala ezintsha zalawa mahubhu endaweni evalekile njengeDolobha laseNew York kuzohlale kuyinselele, kodwa u-Suhey uthi i-Revel ihlela ukuhlala ivumelana nezimo, icabangela amagaraji okupaka kanye nezindawo eziningi eduze nezindawo zokuthenga ezinkulu."Isivimbelo sokuqala nesibaluleke kakhulu igridi," usho kanje."Lokho kushayela ngempela konke esikwenzayo."

NGEMPELA, inkinga yokushaja idlulela ngalé kwepulaki.Kufanele ucabangele igridi yamandla futhi.Izinsiza zigcina ibhalansi yokuhlinzeka kanye nesidingo ngokuphehla ugesi olingana nosetshenziswayo.Ngamafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi kulula ngokwanele: Uma isidingo sikhuphuka, izitshalo zikagesi zingashisa uphethiloli owengeziwe.Kodwa izinto ezivuselelekayo zenza izinto zibe nzima ngoba imithombo yazo iphakathi nendawo—umoya awuvunguzi ngaso sonke isikhathi futhi nelanga alihlali likhanya.Okubi nakakhulu, ukufunwa okuphezulu kuvamise ukuba kusihlwa kakhulu lapho abantu bebuyela ekhaya futhi bavula izinto zikagesi futhi baxhuma ama-EV, khona kanye lapho ilanga lishona.

Ama-EV angasiza ekuqiniseni isidingo.Ngokusatshalaliswa okungcono kwengqalasizinda eshajayo, abanye abanikazi basazokhokhisa izimoto zabo ekhaya ubusuku bonke, kodwa abanye bangase bazikhokhise emsebenzini, endaweni yokupaka embozwe ngamaphaneli elanga.Abanye bazoxhuma esitolo segrosa noma endaweni okwakuyigalaji likaphethiloli.Lokhu kuzosabalalisa ngokulinganayo isidingo sesikhashana, ikakhulukazi ngokusiphusha emahoreni asemini lapho kunamandla elanga engeziwe kugridi.

Futhi ngokubuyisela, ama-EV angaba amabhethri adingeka kakhulu ukuze igridi ingene kuwo.Ithi izimoto eziyi-100 zihlezi endaweni yokupaka yenkampani ubusuku bonke, zikhokhiswe ngokuphelele.Isidingo sikhuphuka amamayela ambalwa edolobheni—kodwa kumnyama, amandla elanga awatholakali.Kunalokho, amandla angageleza esuka kulawo ma-EV axhunyiwe aye lapho edingeka khona.

Izimoto ezingazodwana ezishajweyo zingangena ngisho nokungena ukuze zisekele igridi esimweni esiphuthumayo, njengokuhluleka kwamandla okulandela iqhwa lase-Texas lobusika obudlule."Bangase bahlangane njengesikhungo samandla esibonakalayo," kusho uPatricia Hidalgo-Gonzalez, umqondisi we-Renewable Energy and Advanced Mathematics Laboratory e-UC San Diego."Empeleni banganikeza lesi sipele esinaso phakathi nawo wonke amahora osuku, silungele ukungena noma nini lapho igridi idinga lolo hlobo lokusekelwa."

Uma ama-opharetha egridi engakwazi ukuxhaphaza ama-EV angasebenzi, ngeke kudingeke ukuthi achithe imali eningi kangaka kumabhethri ukuze agcine amandla aphuthumayo."Sibone ukonga okungamaphesenti angama-30 ezindlekweni eziphelele zokusebenzisa igridi kagesi," kusho u-Hidalgo-Gonzalez.“Ngakho lokho kuyamangaza.Lokho kungasisindisa ekufakeni inqwaba yesitoreji, uma singasebenzisa isitoreji esinaso ezimotweni zikagesi.”

Kunjalo, okungaba ngcono kunakho konke kugridi—kanye nakubahlali basemadolobheni—ukuncipha kwesidingo sikagesi ngokuphelele.Ingqalasizinda yokushaja engcono izokhuthaza izinga lomoya elingcono;Phela, ama-EV awakhafuli ikhabhoni kanye nezinhlayiya.Kodwa ukubeka wonke umhlali emotweni yakhe akukuhle futhi.Kwenza kube kubi ukuminyana kwezimoto, kuyingozi kwabahamba ngezinyawo, futhi kwehlise isidingo sezinto zokuhamba zomphakathi.

Kodwa mhlawumbe awudingi ukuba ngumnikazi we-EV ukuze ujabulele eyodwa.I-Kintner-Meyer, isibonelo, ibona ngeso lengqondo izinkampani ze-ride-hail ezihlanganisa izimoto zikagesi, ezingase zipakwe ezindaweni ezimaphakathi nedolobha, lapho zikhokhisa khona ngamaphaneli elanga kuze kube yilapho zilandwa umshayeli noma zisetshenziswe ngokuzimele.(Eqinisweni, i-Uber neLyft bazibophezele ekushintsheleni kugesi ekupheleni kweshumi leminyaka—futhi abanye ohulumeni badinga ukuba benze kanjalo.) Enye inketho: faka ugesi amabhasi nezitimela, futhi uqinisekise abantu basemadolobheni ukuthi balahle izimoto ezizimele ngokuphelele.“Izinto zokuhamba zomphakathi zingolunye uhlangothi lohlamvu lwemali,” kusho uFaber O'Connor, isikhulu sase-LA.I-ejensi yezokuthutha yedolobha isiguqule ulayini owodwa waba amabhasi asebenza ngogesi wonke, futhi ihlela ukusebenzisa izimoto ezikhipha i-zero kuphela ngo-2030. Thola abantu basemadolobheni ukuthi bagibele ibhasi (likagesi), futhi ngeke bakhathazeke ngokushaja nhlobo. .